Signals -analog and digital

Signal is nothing but information carrier and it has many forms .Here I want to explain about electrical signals in analog and digital.
Analog is in continuos signal in time domain,in simple terms a speech signal is continuos if a singer is singing a song.Offcourse there wont be any signal if singer stops singing.Intial days the data is transmitted in the form of analog.This is prone to noise and accuracy is low.
Digital signal is in the form of 1's and 0's i.e, combination of 1's and 0's.Suppose I want digital represenation of word "hello".In the ascii format "h,e,l,l,o" is represented as "72,69,76,76,79" decimal.This is converted to binary and can be processed furthur as modern day DSP algorithms do.If the data is transmitted after encrypting like olleh instead "hello".This brings lot of information security and easy processing.

Basic things to start the electronics project

We need a multimeter to measure voltage(Alternating and Direct),current,resistance,capacitance.This is very useful to rectify the errors in the electrical circuits in the home as well as in the electronic devices.
A soldering rod is required to start fixing the components on to the PCB
Lead is useful like gum sticking the things, similarly the components on to the PCB which is heated by the soldering rod and put on the board.
Flux(paste) acts as additive or catelyst in putting hot Lead on to the board which clubs the circuit end points and the board.
Wiring is one more thing which should be kept aside while working with devices.Mainly the copper wires are taken here.

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION USING I2C PROTOCOL

The project report describes the design Development and Fabrication of One demo unit of the project work INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION USING I2C PROTOCOL by using embedded systems.
Now a days, with the advancement technology, particularly in the field of Microcontrollers, all the activities in our daily living have become a part of Information technology and we find microcontrollers in each and every application. Thus, trend is directing towards Mirocontrollers based project works. However, in this project work to program the ON/OFF timings different machines the microcontroller interacts with I2C COMMUNICATION.

Then the decisions are taken with the help of microcontroller and associated software.
The microcontroller block is playing a major role in this project work.
The micro controller chip used in this project work is PIC 16F877A and this is like heart of the project work. The PIC 16F877A microcontroller is a 40-pin IC.
The entire project was developed in embedded systems. A system is something that maintains its existence and functions as a whole through the interaction of its parts.
E.g. Body, Mankind, Access Control, etc

A system is a part of the world that a person or group of persons during some time interval and for some purpose choose to regard as a whole, consisting of interrelated components, each component characterized by properties that are selected as being
relevant to the purpose.
Embedded System is a combination of hardware and software used to achieve a single specific task.Embedded system must meet timing other constraints imposed on it by environment.

An embedded system is a microcontroller-based, software driven, reliable, real-time control system, autonomous, or human or network interactive, operating on diverse
physical variables and in diverse environments and sold into a competitive and cost conscious market.

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